Ross Island (ROS)

-long, international

Arrival Heights Research Laboratory (N.Z.)

-long, national

Arrival Heights Research Laboratory

WMO (code, name)

Latitude

77.82 °S

Longitude

166.65 °E

Altitude

200 m

Name

NIWA

-long, international

National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research

-long, national

National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research

Website

www.niwa.co.nz

Description

Arrival Heights infrastructure is owned and managed by Antarctica New Zealand, a New Zealand government agency. Instruments and measurements (with respect to GRUAN) are the responsibility of NIWA, a Crown Research Institute

Foundation

Description

Arrival Heights is located on Hut Point Peninsula, Ross Island, Antarctica. It is about 1.5 km north of McMurdo Station and 3 km northwest of Scott Base. The station is managed by Antarctica New Zealand (www.antarcticanz.govt.nz). Arrival Heights is located in Antarctic Specially Protected Area (ASPA 122); it is protected to prevent disturbance to an electromagnetically quiet and atmospherically clean area containing highly sensitive upper atmospheric equipment. Arrival Heights is a NDACC station with UVvis, FTIR and Dobson measurements.

General type

Remote polar. Permanent snow and ice (Surface cover types (GlobCover2009))

Topography

Volcanic crater morphology, a ridge at High relative elevation within ridges of low altitude

Land use (within 10 km)

Volcanic rock, Permanent snow and ice. The local area around the Arrival Heights laboratory is protected (ASPA-122). 1 km to the south is McMurdo station, ~500-1000 population during summer. Scott Base is ~3.5km to the south east, (50-100 population in summer). A road connects the laboratory to McMurdo and Scott Base road networks

Climate

Polar-frost, Seasonal break out of sea ice in summer

Website

http://www.ndaccdemo.org/stations/arrival-heights-antarctica

NDACC

since 1982 (station id: AHTS)

GAW

since 1987 (station id: ARH)

WOUDC

since 1988 (station id: 268)

Stratospheric chemical and upper wind measurements started at Arrival Heights in 1982 with zenith-sky NO2 UV/Vis spectroscopy (NIWA) and a MF radar (University of Canterbury). Total column ozone (NIWA, 1988), Spectral UV measurements (Biospherical inc. USA, 1988) and in situ flask sampling of greenhouse gases (NIWA, ~1987) were added in the late 1980s. Arrival Heights was a founding ‘secondary’ station of the NDSC (latter to be known as the NDACC) in the mid-1990s. During the 1990s additional UV and Infrared spectrometers were added to compliment the suite of measurements already there, with a strong focus on ozone heterogenous processes. Surface in situ ozone measurements started in 1996 (NOAA + NIWA). All such measurements continue to present (2019).

-long, international

McMurdo Station (U.S.A.)

-long, national

McMurdo Station

WMO (code, name)

89664

Latitude

77.85 °S

Longitude

166.63 °E

Altitude

10 m

Name

USAP

-long, international

United States Antarctic Program

-long, national

United States Antarctic Program

Website

https://www.usap.gov/

Description

The United States Antarctic Program (USAP) is managed by the National Science Foundation (NSF) Office of Polar Programs. The upper air programme at McMurdo is also managed by Naval Information Warfare Center, Atlantic.

Foundation

1957

Description

McMurdo Station is Antarctica's largest community, established in 1957. It is built on the bare volcanic rock of Hut Point Peninsula on Ross Island, the farthest south solid ground that is accessible by ship. NDACC station (non-operative): lidar, uvvis, o3sonde

General type

Remote polar. Permanent snow and ice (Surface cover types (GlobCover2009))

Topography

Volcanic crater morphology, located at sea level at the end Hut Point Peninsula

Land use (within 10 km)

volcanic rock, Permanent snow and ice

Climate

Polar-frost, seasonal break out of sea ice in summer

NDACC

1986

GAW

AERONET

1995

Instrument-type

RS41-SGP

Manufacturer

Vaisala

Location of launch site

at McMurdo station, balloon facility

Lauch times (UTC)

daily: 00, 12

Instrument manager

William Vandiver, Naval Information Warfare Center, Atlantic

Radiosonde launches since 1958

-long, international

Scott Base (N.Z.)

-long, national

Scott Base

WMO (code, name)

89665

Latitude

77.85 °S

Longitude

166.78 °E

Altitude

22 m

Name

Antarctica New Zealand

-long, international

Antarctica New Zealand

-long, national

Antarctica New Zealand

Website

https://www.antarcticanz.govt.nz/

Description

Antarctica New Zealand is the government agency responsible for carrying out New Zealand's activities in Antarctica, supporting world leading science and environmental protection. Scientific measurements and instrumentation are the responsibility of other institutions.

Foundation

1957

Description

Scott Base is located on Pram Point, the South eastern part of Hut Point Peninsula, ~2km east of McMurdo Station. Scott Base was built in 1957 and has been continually manned since. It is the logistical base for New Zealand’s scientific operations in Antarctica. During Summer base numbers vary between 50-100 personnel, down to 10-20 over Winter. A road connects Scott Base to McMurdo station.

General type

located at sea level at Pram Point

Topography

low volcanic headland

Land use (within 10 km)

volcanic rock, permanent snow and ice

Climate

Polar-frost, seasonal break out of sea ice in summer

Website

https://www.antarcticanz.govt.nz/scott-base

NDACC

since 1996

WOUDC

since 1992 (station id: 324)

GAW

(station id: SBS)

GEONET

(station id: SCTB)

Scott Base was built in 1957. It has gone thought a series of rebuilds. Surface level meteorological measurements started in 1957 and continues to today, supplemented with an automatic weather station in the 1990s (operated by NIWA). A GNSS receiver unit was installed in 2004, as part of the New Zealand’s GEONET network (https://www.geonet.org.nz/)